Where is the energy located in the atp molecule
ATP Structure and Energy
oh you all are aware about adenosine
triphosphate or simply ATP molecule when
we are dealing with the biochemical
reactions we always lay on this molecule
for the purpose of energy as it's also
called the energy currency of the cell
so here in this video we'll be
discussing its structure first then we
will try to understand why and how the
ATP gives out the energy in biochemical
reactions as I have already determined
this molecule as the energy currency of
the cell so all the reactions in our
body relay on this molecule in order to
drive the reactions first of all let's
see the structure of ATP molecule when
we draw the structure of ATP molecule we
have nucleoside part first
that's adenine nitrogenous base plus
ribose sugar so this problem is the
nucleoside part then to this nucleoside
part at tri prosperities attached' 3
phosphates in a linear fashion and Pinal
result comes out to be nucleotide that's
nucleoside bound to phosphates so ATP
molecule is basically the nucleotide
molecule to distinguish between
nucleoside and nucleotide have a look at
this diagram nucleoside is a combination
of nitrogenous base plus ribose sugar
while as the nucleotide is the
combination of nitrogenous base plus
ribose sugar plus phosphates attached to
the molecule so this is the molecular
structure of ADP molecule plus we're
also differentiated the nucleoside with
nucleotide now let's see where from the
ATP molecule release energy and how it
releases energy in the biochemical
reactions first of all keep this thing
in mind it's not the whole ATP molecule
which gives of the energy but it's
actually the bonds that releases the
energy where we see the structure of ATP
molecule we have got 3 phosphates
attached to the nucleoside and there are
three possible energized bonds between
these molecules but the phosphoanhydride
bonds between beta and gamma phosphate
delivers the energy reactions these
phosphoanhydride bonds are very high
energy bonds and it's when the world
from all
and hydrolyze the terminal phosphate the
bond is broken and we get the energy
poor cellular processes so it is the ATP
hydrolysis that gives the total energy
in that direction we get inorganic
phosphate also plus ADP molecule along
with the energy released from the bond
in the hydrolysis reaction the ATP is
hydrolyzed by water molecule and in this
reaction we get the products in the form
of ADP plus we get terminal phosphate in
the form of inorganic phosphate and also
we get the energy and this energy comes
from the bone which is broken between
oxygen and phosphate that's possible and
right born if we go further ATP molecule
is further hydrolyzed spotted second
prospect releasing the energy again we
get the EMP that time that's ad nauseum
mono phosphate as its beta and gamma
prospects have been removed now getting
back to the frustration we see in this
reaction the ADP plus inorganic
phosphate recycles back to ATP in the
ADP ATP cycle which we have already
discussed the ATP adp cycle the link
slides in for that video it must be
noted that hydrolysis of phosphate
groups in ATP's especially exergonic
process because the resulting ortho
phosphate group is correctly stabilized
by multiple resonance structures making
the products ADP and inorganic phosphate
much lower in energy than the reactants
while making up ATP molecule from ADP
plus inorganic phosphate that emits
endergonic reaction but at the end we
get the total energy gain because the
energy needed to break the bone in ATP
is always lesser than the energy
released by the molecule and also
remember this ATP molecule is not a
stable molecule and it always tends to
kick off the terminal phosphate the high
negative charge density associated with
three adjacent phosphate units of ATP
also dis stabilizes their molecule
making it higher in energy hydrolysis
relieves some of these electrostatic
repulsion
liberating useful energy in the process
by causing conformational changes in a
teepee structure
and that's why 80 people to lose
terminal prospect on hydrolysis easily
so this is all about the structure of
ATP molecule and how it leads energy and
why it needs energy I hope you like the
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Thanks
